The authors also show, drawing on separate data from Pakistan, that an extra year of schooling can improve cognitive endurance – but only in higher-quality schools. In practice, this means that students were able to pay more attention in class and do better overall in terms of academic outcomes. The gain remains 3-5 months after the intervention. Over six months, both treatment groups improved their cognitive endurance by 22% relative to the control group. The first sub-treatment group did more sustained work on math problems, while another sub-treatment group spent a similar amount of additional time on non-academic, but stimulating games. What can improve this ability? The research team studies two approaches with a randomized field experiment among low-income primary school students in India. Brown and her colleagues define as “the ability to sustain effortful mental activity over a continuous stretch of time.” This is useful not only in school, but also in the labor market. But it can also improve cognitive endurance, which Christina L. Good schooling increases knowledge and develops skills. Boosting cognitive endurance in school can build human capital Women are usually the ones who forgo work flexibility in order to increase household togetherness, however – and this can reinforce the gender pay gap. Joint child care is more expensive because it comes at the expense of both a loss of flexibility in the labor market and a loss of specialization in the household. For joint leisure, they are willing to pay 10% of their wage. Using Danish data from 2009 to 2012, they find that on average, households are willing to pay on average 17% of their hourly wage to convert an hour of separate, private child care into a joint activity. Sam Cosaert, Alexandros Theloudis, and Bertrand Verheyden develop a new theoretical framework to address this gap in the literature. For your calendar: Conferences on the economics of social security, children, and the influence of gender norms in the economy.Ĭouples like to do things together in the home, but togetherness may reinforce the gender pay gapĬouples often do things together within the household, but traditional economic models typically treat time inputs as individual ones and take no account of the value of joint activities.Check out our new piece on sluggish wealth mobility during working life in the United States.Bloomberg editors argue that Congress needs to address the fraud in COVID-19 relief funding.This week’s top chart shows that the relationship between fertility rates and women’s labor force participation has reversed across OECD countries.The Black-white wealth gap narrowed sharply after Emancipation, and steadily through the 20th century, but progress has stalled and is likely to reverse.Building cognitive endurance can build human capital.Couples like to do things together in the home, but togetherness may reinforce the gender pay gap.
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